Lubricants



Patented Dec. 24, 1946 LUBRICANTS, ETC.

John M. Musselman, South Euclid, and Herman P. Lankelma, Shaker Heights, Ohio, assignors to The Standard Oil Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio No Drawing. Application September 13, 1940,

" Serial No. 356,692

6- Claims. 1

In the operation of lubricants and oils where heat isencountered it is of primary importance that they be capable of maintaining their body without material changes in spite of the catalyzing effects of metal surfaces. With the particularly heavy loads and increasing complexity of surfaces to be lubricated, as now prevalent, it has been increasingly dimcult to assure a desirable stand-up of a lubricant. Various compounding agents have been employed in conjunction with mineral oils, but with many of these there are side eifects, such as proneness to react on certain metals, etc, rendering them undesirable for many uses. In accordance with the present invention, however, mineral oils may be had which are capable of maintaining desirable body and clean surfaces under heat and drastic usages, and which are also without attack on metal surfaces.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and. particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.

The oil may be of varying character and source. depending upon the particular duty in view, and, for instance, may be a lubricating stock of Mid- Continent or other petroleum source and of viscosity 45 to 200 sec. Saybolt Universal 'at 210 F. ,The. oil is modified by incorporation of a salt of an alkyl sulphuric acid of the type R.SO4.R'. where R is an alkyl or halogen-substituted alkyl radical, and R is a base (e. g., lead. aluminum, tin, magnesium, alkaline earth metal, sodium or alkali metal, ammonia or an am ne). The alkyl sulphuric acid salts are particularly desirable. Mixtures of alkyl sulphates and sulphonates may be applied, and in fact sulphates containing sulphonates are particularly easily had-.in practice. It is to be noted that not all compounds are equivalent in all respects: and especially advantageous are the compounds derivable from cocoanut oil fatty acids by separation and reduction and sulphation. Of these the lauryl compounds are outstanding. The amount of the salt incorporated may be 0.1 to 10.0%, depending upon the stock and the duty in view. The salt dissolves and disseminates readily in the oil.

Illustrative of such compounds are lead lauryl sulphate, aluminum octyl sulphate, sodium lauryl sulphate, ammonium hexyl sulphate, magnesium lauryl sulphate, amyl ammonium cetyl sulphate, methyl ammonium ricinoleo sulphate, calcium lauryl sulphate, etc.

As an example:

porated 0.5% of lead lauryl sulphate.

As another example: With a similar oil there 7 is incorporated 0.5% of sodium lauryl sulphate.

As another example: With -a similar oil there is incorporated 0.5% of aluminum octyl sulphate.

Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.

We therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as our invention:

1. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under-heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 0.1-10 per cent of aluminum octyl sulphate.

2. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 0.1 10 per cent of ammoniumhexyl sulphate.

3. A lubricant capable of .maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of sodium lauryl sulphate.

4. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mir. ral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of a lauryl sulphate salt. I

5. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of a salt of an alkyl sulphuric acid containing at least six carbon atoms.

6. A lubricant capable of maintaining desirable body and clean metal surfaces under heat .and drastic usage, consisting of a mineral lubricating oil containing about 01-10 per cent of a salt of an oxy-sulphur acid, of the formula R.SO4.R.', wherein R is an alkyl or halogen-substituted alkyl radical, and R is a base.

JOHN M. MUSSELMAN. HERMAN P. LANKELMA.

With a lubricating oil of I S. A. E. 20 Mid-Continent stock, there is moor- 

